Crochet is a beautiful craft that combines creativity with technique, and learning how to read Crochet Stitches Symbols Patterns is an essential skill for any crocheter. Patterns can be presented in either written form or symbol charts, and understanding both formats will open the door to more intricate and rewarding projects.
In this guide, we will break down common crochet stitch symbols, explain how to read crochet charts, and provide essential tips for interpreting written patterns. Whether you’re a beginner or looking to expand your skills, this will help you navigate patterns with ease.
Why Learn Crochet Symbols?
Crochet symbols are a universal language for crochet patterns, making it easier to follow designs from different countries without worrying about language barriers. While written patterns can vary in style and terminology, charts with symbols remain consistent across different designers and publications.
Symbol charts provide a visual representation of a pattern, often making it easier to understand complex stitch placements and repeats. They are especially useful for lace patterns, motif work, and intricate stitch designs.
Common Crochet Stitch Symbols & Their Meanings
Crochet charts use standardized symbols to represent different stitches. Here are some of the most commonly used ones:
Basic Stitches
- Chain (ch): A small oval or circle.
- Slip Stitch (sl st): A solid dot or a small cross.
- Single Crochet (sc): A plus sign (+) or an “X.”
- Half Double Crochet (hdc): A “T” with a single diagonal line.
- Double Crochet (dc): A “T” with two diagonal lines.
- Treble Crochet (tr): A “T” with three diagonal lines.
Special Stitches & Techniques
- Front Post (FP): A “T” with an extra hook-like curve on the front.
- Back Post (BP): A “T” with an extra hook-like curve on the back.
- Bobble Stitch: A small cluster of double or treble crochet stitches.
- Picot: A chain with a slip stitch back into the base.
- Popcorn Stitch: A group of stitches closed at the top.
- Shell Stitch: A fan-like arrangement of multiple stitches in the same space.
| Symbol | Stitch |
|---|---|
 | chain (ch) |
 | slip stitch (sl st) |
 | or single crochet (sc)* |
 | half double crochet (hdc) |
 | double crochet (dc) |
 | treble crochet (tr) |
 | double treble crochet (dtr) |
 | sc2tog |
 | sc3tog |
 | dc2tog |
 | dc3tog |
 | 3-dc cluster |
 | 3-hdc cluster/puff st/bobble |
 | 5-dc popcorn |
 | 5-dc shell |
 | ch-3 picot |
 | front post dc (FPdc) |
 | back post dc (BPdc) |
 | worked in back loop only** |
 | worked in front loop only* |
How to Read Crochet Symbol Charts
Crochet charts visually represent patterns and are read in a specific way depending on whether they are worked in rows or rounds.
Step-by-Step Guide
- Find the Starting Point – Charts usually have an arrow or marking showing where to begin. For rounds, the center is the starting point; for rows, start at the bottom.
- Follow the Rows or Rounds – In row-based patterns, read from bottom to top, alternating from right to left and left to right. In round-based patterns, read in a circular motion as indicated.
- Identify Stitch Symbols – Use the pattern’s legend to determine what each symbol represents.
- Look for Repeat Sections – Sections marked with asterisks (*) or brackets ([ ]) indicate repeats that need to be followed across the row or round.
- Pay Attention to Directional Arrows – These show where stitches should be placed, especially in complex lace or motif work.
By following these steps, you can confidently read crochet charts and execute intricate designs accurately.
How to Read a Written Crochet Pattern
Written crochet patterns use abbreviations and formatting to condense information. Here’s a breakdown of how to understand them:
Understanding Abbreviations
Most crochet patterns use standard abbreviations. Here are a few common ones:
- ch – Chain
- sl st – Slip Stitch
- sc – Single Crochet
- hdc – Half Double Crochet
- dc – Double Crochet
- tr – Treble Crochet
- st(s) – Stitch(es)
- rep – Repeat
- inc – Increase
- dec – Decrease
Key Elements of a Written Pattern
- Gauge: Indicates the number of stitches and rows per inch.
- Materials List: Specifies the yarn weight, hook size, and any additional tools needed.
- Stitch Abbreviations: Defines the abbreviations used in the pattern.
- Pattern Instructions: Step-by-step guide for creating the item, often with repeat indicators such as (*) or ().
- Finishing Instructions: Details on assembling or blocking the project.
Example Pattern Snippet
“Ch 30, sc in 2nd ch from hook, sc across (29 sts). Ch 1, turn. Row 2: Sc in each st across (29 sts). Rep Row 2 for 10 rows.”
In this snippet:
- Start with 30 chains.
- Single crochet in the 2nd chain and across (29 stitches total).
- Repeat single crochet rows for a total of 10 rows.
Tips for Mastering Crochet Patterns
- Read through the entire pattern first.
- Highlight repeat sections to avoid confusion.
- Use stitch markers for complex patterns.
- Check gauge before starting large projects.
- Watch video tutorials if you’re unsure about a stitch.
How to Do These Stitches
Single Crochet (sc)
- Insert hook into stitch.
- Yarn over and pull up a loop.
- Yarn over again and pull through both loops.
Half Double Crochet (hdc)
- Yarn over, insert hook into stitch.
- Yarn over and pull up a loop.
- Yarn over again and pull through all three loops.
Double Crochet (dc)
- Yarn over, insert hook into stitch.
- Yarn over and pull up a loop.
- Yarn over, pull through two loops.
- Yarn over again and pull through remaining two loops.
Treble Crochet (tr)
- Yarn over twice, insert hook into stitch.
- Yarn over and pull up a loop.
- Yarn over, pull through two loops.
- Yarn over, pull through two loops again.
- Yarn over, pull through remaining two loops.
Final Thoughts
Learning how to read crochet symbols and written patterns will make your crochet journey much easier and more enjoyable. By mastering these skills, you can follow patterns confidently, create stunning projects, and even start designing your own crochet creations!
If you found this guide helpful, let me know in the comments! Happy crocheting! 🧶✨
